Development of Linear Programming Model for Effective Budget Allocation for Road Accident Reduction in Road Management
1Ajayeoba, A. O., 1*Ogunniyi, S. F., 1Adebiyi, K. A. and 2Raheem, W. A..
1Department of Mechanical Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
2Department of System Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria
DOI: 10.36108/laujoces/5202.51.0140
Abstract
Road transport is the most common means of transportation in Nigeria. However, there are challenges related to road safety and efficient budget allocation for accident prevention and road infrastructure improvements. Thus, this study aims to enhance road safety and optimize budget allocation strategies in Oyo state. Secondary data were sourced from government platforms, peer-reviewed research, and the Crash Modification Factor clearinghouse. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model was developed to optimize accident-minimizing budget allocations under constraints, incorporating accident unit costs, countermeasure effectiveness, and severity-based location prioritization. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess input variations. The model indicated that ₦2.15 billion investment could yield ₦293.76 billion in economic benefit. With a ₦1.5 billion limit, three Interventions costing ₦1.42 billion were selected, leaving ₦8 million surplus and yielding ₦179.7 billion in benefit. Sensitivity analysis showed that increased budget improves benefits and crash reduction. This model enables fair and strategic allocation of limited resources, supporting evidence-based prioritization of countermeasures based on crash severity for optimal impact.
Keywords: Budget, Accident, Safety interventions, Road safety