Characterization and Application of Activated banana stalks (Musa spp) as an adsorbent for Zn2+ and Fe2+ removal from Marble Mining Industrial Wastewater (MMIWW)
1 *Bello,S.M. and 2 Ojoawo,S.O..
1,2Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
DOI: 10.36108/laujoces/6202.61.0110
Abstract
Adsorption process is the adhesion of metals ions from wastewater to the surface of a material which have proven to be effective for treatment of wastewater before discharge. Wastewater from marble mining industry contains toxic metals like Zn, Fe etc. which causes several health problems in human beings, aquatic animals and plants, the use of activated banana stalks as an adsorbent is adopted in the adsorption of Zn and Fe from MMIWW. The initial and final concentrations of Zn2+ and Fe2+ in the wastewater were determined using Atomic Adsorption Spectrometry (AAS). The banana stalks obtained from LAUTECH Teaching and Research Farm in Ogbomoso town, were washed with distilled water, oven-dried at 105oC, Ground and sieved, then carbonized in a furnace at 550oC. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) was used to modify the carbonized banana stalk to catalyze the adsorption rate. The wastewater was treated with the adsorbent dosages (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 g), contact time (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 mins), agitation rate of 150 rpm, pH of 6.8 and temperature 40 0C, using One-Factor -At- a -Time (OFAT) method. The Activated Banana Stalks (ABSs) were characterized using Batch experiment to determine the effect of adsorbent dose, contact time and agitation speed also, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) experiments were performed on ABSs.. The initial concentration of Zn2+ and Fe2+ were 1.32 and 0.36 mg/L respectively while respective final concentrations of Zn2+ and Fe2+ were 0.008 and 0.023 at 120 mins and 1.0g. The adsorbent revealed a significant distribution of well developed porous, rough surfaces with cracks characterized by different functional groups for the efficient adsorption process. The respective dosage treatment efficiency order for Zn and Fe were (83, 92. 97, 97 and 99 %) and (58, 81, 89, 94 and 98 %) respectively. ABS offers efficient and cost-effective removal of Zn2+and Fe2+ from marble mining wastewater,
Keywords: Adsorption, Banana Stalk (Musa spp), Heavy metals and Marble Mining wastewater